Discrete 24 bit r 2r ladder resistor network explained the basic idea of r 2r ladder is a matched pair of two resistors, the first is r and the other is 2r which has twice the value of r'. '.strtoupper('t')o achieve 24bit r 2r decoding, cayin need 48 pieces of resistors 23xr and 25x2r for one channel, or 96 pieces of high precision resistors for stereo'. '.strtoupper('r') 2r is famous for its natural and realistic sound signature, it'll offer a very different experience to music lovers'. '.strtoupper('n')os or os dual da mode non oversampling maintain the original sampling rate of the source bitstream'. '.strtoupper('d')igital filter less, no post processing, optimised in time domain, low phase distortion and jitter, no ringing artefact'. '.strtoupper('m')usical with vivid emotions, sounds natural, organic and coherent'. '.strtoupper('o')versampling increases sampling rate upsampling through interpolation before da'. '.strtoupper('e')nhances resolution, reduces noise and improves anti aliasing, optimised in frequency domain'. '.strtoupper('i')mpressive details and frequency extension, clean and sharp presentation with darker background'. '.strtoupper('d')iscrete volume control r 2r dac circuit is very demanding on incoming data integrity, the digital volume of mobile phones will damage sound quality badly'. '.strtoupper('w')hen off the shelf volume options cannot meet the high precision, low noise, low power consumption requirements of ru6, cayin developed their own discrete resistor array volume control'. '.strtoupper('0') 99 steps volume control through 9 segments of resistors and switching relays, meet all the ru6 requirements and transparent to maintain the natural sound signature of r 2r dac'. '.strtoupper('i')ntuitive and versatile hardware volume buttons for convenient control, doubled as menu selection when entering mode settings'. '.strtoupper('1') oled screen displays playback information with good visibility'. '.strtoupper('3').5mm and 4.4mm phono out to fit your earphone collection'. '.strtoupper('u')ltimate dual main boards layout to minimise interference, ru6 circuitry is split into two 6 layers pcb, with digital and analogue circuit installed in separate boards'. '.strtoupper('s')afeguard signal integrity, make sure the noise from reference clock and dsp will not bleed into the amplification circuit'. '.strtoupper('l')ow power consumption highly compatible discrete r 2r is a low power dac circuit when compared to other highly integrated dac chipset on the market, minimising power drain from mobile sources'. '.strtoupper('u')sb audio with shielded usb c connector, compatible with a wide range of mobile, consumer electronics and computers'. '.strtoupper('r')u6 is compatible with the following digital audio sources ios and ipados macos computers windows 7 8 8.1 10 computers android mobiles and tablets digital audio players requires usb audio output support from the dap requires to install a proprietary usb audio 2.0 driver developed for ru6, free to download from cayins official website'. '.strtoupper('h')igh resolution and high fidelity high end digital audio compatibility'. '.strtoupper('p')cm supports up to 384khz dsd supports dsd64 128 256 choice of high low gain to enhance performance with different iem or portable friendly headphones.